1.State the general period and group trends among main-group elements with respect to each of the
following properties:
a. atomic radii
b. first ionization energy
c. electron affinity
d. ionic radii
e. electronegativity

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.

the positions which points up in upward carbon and down in downward carbon are axial

and vice versa holds true for equatorial positions

so the correct answer with labelled diagram will be

one negative thing it that it can kill water animals. another negative thing is it can cause the destruction of ecosystem. one way water pollution can be reduced is to conserve energy.