How does the arrangement of particles determine the physical properties of different states of matter?​

See explanation

Explanation:

Matter may exist in three phases; solid, liquid and gas. The state in which matter exists depends on the extent of intermolecular forces operating in the substance.

In solid particles, the molecules that compose the solid are close together because the molecules of a solid do not move from place to place but they continue to vibrate about their fixed position.

For liquids, the molecules that compose a liquid are in random motion but are less energetic than molecules of a gas.

In gases, the molecules are not held together at all. The molecules of a gas have the highest degree of freedom. They move from one point another at a high velocity.

Hence, the order of increasing degree of movement of the particles in different states of matter = solids<liquids< gases.

Solids have well arranged particles, the molecules of a liquid are a little more disorderly than liquid particles while gas particles are the most disorderly of all the states of matter.

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.