Sodium hydrogen carbonate, also called baking soda, is an active ingredient in some antacids used for the relief of indigestion. Determine the percent of carbon in sodium hydrogen carbonate.

14.30%

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

Chemical formula of sodium hydrogen carbonate: NaHCO₃

Step 2: Determine the mass of C in 1 mole of NaHCO₃

The is 1 atom of C in 1 molecule of NaHCO₃ and the molar mass of C is 12.01 g/mol. Then, there are 12.01 g of C in 1 mole of NaHCO₃.

Step 3: Determine the mnolar mass of NaHCO₃

M(NaHCO₃) = 1 × M(Na) + 1 × M(H) + 1 × M(C) + 3 × M(O)

M(NaHCO₃) = 1 × 22.98 g/mol + 1 × 1.01 g/mol + 1 × 12.01 g/mol + 3 × 16.00 g/mol = 84.00 g/mol

Step 4: Determine the mass percent of C in NaHCO₃

We will use the following expression.

%C = mC / mNaHCO₃ × 100%

%C = 12.01 g / 84.00 g × 100% = 14.30%

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.

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