Are manifested as instantaneous charge differences due
to molecular interactions.
Dipole-dipole
interactions
Dispersion
forces
Hydrogen
bonds

dipole: dipole interactions

- dispersion forces (London forces)

- hydrogen bonds

as the attractive forces between molecules becomes larger, it takes more energy to separate them

- as a result, vapor pressures, boiling points and melting points will be larger

occur between molecules that have a permanent dipole moment

- H-ClH-Cl

ljjjljlj kjlk,ljym jlyu; jm; l mumytj

dynamic equilibrium is the answer.