Why do atoms become anion and cations (remember the octet rule and how 8 is a very important number)?

The atoms become cations because they have lost electrons and the atoms and has a positive charge then atoms become a ions because they have gained electrons from cations and has a negative charge

the leaf is an organ of a typical plant, and the main functions are to complete photosynthesis and allow the plant to exchange gas, just like how we have the respiratory system. leaves have the stomata, which collects maintains co2 and o2 levels. this is necessary for cell metabolism. the leaf also collects sunlight using chloroplasts. succinctly, leaves own a pivotal role in sustaining plant life.

definition

                    entropy is a measure of the randomness or the extent of disorder of a chemical process.

                      enthalpy is a measure of the heat change of a reaction occurring at a constant pressure.

measurement units:

                        entropy is measured in joule per kelvin (jk⁻¹)   whereas enthalpy is measured in joule per mole (jmol⁻¹)

requirements:

                            entropy has no requirements or limits, and its change is measured by the division between the heat change of the chemical process and the temperature.

                              in contrast, enthalpy can only be related to the heat change of the reaction under standard conditions.