PLEASE HELP Bond energies such as those found in Table 4.4 are sometimes found by “working backward” from
heats of reaction. A reaction is carried out, and the heat absorbed or evolved is measured. From this
value and known bond energies, other bond energies can be calculated. For example, the energy
change associated with the combustion of formaldehyde (H 2 CO) is -465 KJ/mol.

H 2 CO (g) + O 2 (g)  CO 2 (g) + H 2 O (g)

a. Use the information in Table 4.4 to calculate the energy of the C=O double bond in
formaldehyde. Show all work.
b. Compare your answer with the C=O bond energy in CO 2 and speculate on why there is a
difference.

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.