Which element has atoms that can form single, double, and triplecovalent bonds with other atoms of the same element?
(1) hydrogen (3) fluorine(2) oxygen (4) carbon

Carbon : 

- 4 single bonds 
- 2 singles and 1 double bonds 
- 2 double bonds 
- 1 single and 1 triple bond

Following are the  advantages of the parametric equations: 1) they can be used to graph curves that are not functions, like the unit circle.2) the parameter can be used to represent the quantity that is  useful to  provide us with better information about the graph.3)  it is useful to convert between rectangular equations and parametric equations.with specific reference to chemistry,  parametric equations are employ for solving hydrogen and hydrogen-like ions, quantum mechanically. herein, cartesian coordinates are converted in spherical polar coordinates. the solution obtained, when plotted on spherical polar graph paper, provides visualization of atomic orbital such as s,p,d and f. 

Reaction involved in present system is :   c12h22o11 + h2o → 2 c6h12o6the reaction system is obeying following rate law:   rate = k[c12h22o11]thus, it is a first order reaction.now, for 1st order reactionrate constant (k) =  given: initial conc. = 3.0 g, final conc. = 2.7 g, t = 2.5 h∴rate constant (k) =  ∴ k = 0.04215 h-1now, for 1st order reaction, half life = 0.693/k = 0.693/0.04215 = 16.4 hthus correct answer is option b