What property do atoms of these elements have that make the molecules they are in polar?

I'm learning about the periodic tables and what each subject's configuration is. for example, hydrogen is 1s^1, but i don't understand how you get that. can someone me understand how to figure out how to figure this out? sorry if the question makes no sense, but it would really a lot if you could me understand! you so much if you can!

The solid xy decomposes into gaseous x and y: xy(s) m x(g) + y(g) kp = 4.1 (at 0 °c) if the reaction is carried out in a 22.4 l container, which initial amounts of x and y will result in the formation of solid xy?

Answer the questions about this reaction: nai(aq) + cl2(g) → nacl(aq) + i2(g) write the oxidation and reduction half-reactions: oxidation half-reaction: reduction half-reaction: based on the table of relative strengths of oxidizing and reducing agents (b-18), would these reactants form these products? write the balanced equation: answer options: a. 0/na -> +1/na+1e- b. nai(aq) + cl2(g) → nacl(aq) + i2(g) c. +1/na+1e- -> 0 /na d. -1/2i -> 0/i2+2e- e. no f. 4nai(aq) + cl2(g) → 4nacl(aq) + i2(g) g. 2nai(aq) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(aq) + i2(g) h. 4nai(aq) + 2cl2(g) → 4nacl(aq) + 2i2(g) i. nai(aq) + cl2(g) → nacl(aq) + i2(g) j. 0/cl2+2e -> -1/2cl- k. yes