Draw the structural formula of an alkane that has eight carbon atoms and only primary hydrogen atoms.

Answer : The structural formula of octane is shown below.

Explanation :

Structural formula : In the structural formula, the bonding and type of bonds which holds the atoms in molecule together are shown.

The basic rules for naming of organic compounds are :

First select the longest possible carbon chain.

A suffix '-ane' present at the end of the name represent the alkane group.

For the number of carbon atom, we use prefix as 'meth' for 1, 'eth' for 2, 'prop' for 3, 'but' for 4, 'pent' for 5, 'hex' for 6, 'sept' for 7, 'oct' for 8, 'nona' for 9 and 'deca' for 10.

In the given hydrocarbon, the longest possible carbon chain number is 8 that means we add prefix 'oct' and suffix '-ane'. So, the name of given hydrocarbon will be, octane.

given:

mass of na = 115 g

excess cl2

to determine:

mass of nacl produced

explanation:

given reaction is-

2na(s) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(s)

since cl2 is in excess, na will be the limiting reagent

as per the reaction stoichiometry na: nacl = 1: 1

i.e. moles of na reacted = moles of nacl formed

now, # moles of na = mass of na/atomic mass

                                  = 115 g/23 g.mol-1 = 5 moles

therefore, moles of nacl = 5

molar mass of nacl = 58 g/mol

mass of nacl = 5 moles * 58 g.mol-1 = 290 g

ans: amount of nacl produced = 290 g

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