Which substance will most affect the freezing point of water if one mole of the substance is added to one kilogram of water?

pbs

c8h18

na3po4

nacl

Explanation:

Depression in freezing point is given by:

= Depression in freezing point

i= vant hoff factor

= freezing point constant

m= molality =

1. For

, i= 1 as it is a non electrolyte and does not dissociate.

2. For

, i= 1 as it is a non electrolyte and does not dissociate.

3. For

, i= 4 as it is a electrolyte and dissociate to give 4 ions.

4. For

, i= 2 as it is a electrolyte and dissociate to give 2 ions.

Thus as vant hoff factor is highest for and the freezing point will be most affected.