Which is a component of john dalton’s atomic theory?
a the ratio of atoms in a compound can vary.
b the atoms of a single element differ.
c an atom is a small particle that cannot be broken down.
d atoms of different elements can be identical.

The component of John Dalton’s atomic theory is

Further Explanation:

Postulates of John Dalton’s atomic theory:

1. The matter contains indivisible particles. These particles are known as atoms.

2. Atoms can neither be created nor be destroyed.

3. Atoms of the same element show similarity in their shape and mass, but they are different from the elements of the other elements.

4. Atom is the smallest unit that participates in the chemical reaction.

5. Atoms of different elements can form compounds by combining with each other in a fixed, simple and whole number ratios.

6. Atoms of the same element can form two or more compounds by combining in more than one ratio.

Advantages of John Dalton’s theory:

1. This theory explains the laws of chemical combination.

2. It provides a clear distinction between atoms and molecules. Atom is the fundamental particle of an element whereas the molecule is that of a compound.

Limitations of John Dalton’s theory:

1. It failed to explain the further division of atoms into subatomic particles.

2. It did not mention any concept of isotopes (atoms of the same element with same atomic number and different mass numbers) and isobars (atoms of different elements with same mass number but different atomic numbers).

3. This theory failed to explain the reason for the existence of allotropes.

4. This theory is not applicable to complex organic molecules.

Learn more:  

1. Express the quantity in centimeters:

2. Bohr’s model of the atom:

Answer details:  

Grade: High School  

Subject: Chemistry  

Chapter: Structure of the atom

Keywords: component, atom, John Dalton’s atomic theory, small particle, broken down, matter, allotropes, isotopes, isobars, subatomic particle, distinction, shape, mass, laws of chemical combination.

a:

by the combination of an unlimited number of elements