Louis has two sets of two gears (Set A and Set B) that he is using to build two different machines. He has all the gears laying out separately, as shown in the
diagram above. Then he puts the gears into the machines so that the gears in Set
A are touching each other and the gears in Set B are touching each other. Use the
information in the diagram to answer the question.
After the gears have been touching for a while, which of the two bottom gears
will be cooler, and why?
The smaller bottom gear will be cooler than the lar

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.