The reactions shown here can be combined to make the overall reaction C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g) by reversing some and/or dividing all the coefficients by a number. a. C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g) K=1.363×10^69 b. 2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g) K=1.389×10^80 c. 2CO(g) + O2 (g) → 2 CO2(g) K=1.477×10^90

Explanation:

Overall reaction :

C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g)

First Reaction :

C(s) + O2(g) → CO2(g)

Second Reaction :

2 H2(g) + O2(g) → 2 H2O(g)

Third Reaction :

2CO(g) + O2 (g) → 2 CO2(g)

To obtain the overall reaction

- Multiply the first reaction by 2. The equation we have is;

2C(s) + 2O2(g) → 2CO2(g)

- Add the reaction with the reversed second reaction. The equation we have is given as;

2C(s) + 2O2(g) + 2 H2O(g)   → 2 H2(g) + O2(g) +  2CO2(g)

Simplifying we have;

2C(s)  + 2 H2O(g)  + O2(g) → 2 H2(g) +  2CO2(g)

- Add the new equation with the reversed third equation. We have;

2C(s)  + 2H2O(g) + 2CO2(g) + O2(g)  → 2 H2(g) +  2CO2(g)  + 2CO(g) + O2 (g)

Simplifying we have;

2C(s)  + 2 H2O(g)  → 2 H2(g)  + 2CO(g)

Divide the reaction by 2. We have;

C(s) + H2O(g) ⇌ CO(g) + H2(g)

< > according to newton's third law of motion, forces always act in equal but opposite pairs. another way of saying this is for every action, there is an equal but opposite reaction.< >