Directions: Follow the instructions to go through the simulation. Respond to the questions and prompts in the orange boxes. Vocabulary: activated complex, catalyst, chemical reaction, concentration, enzyme, half-life, molecule, product, reactant, surface area Prior Knowledge Questions (Do these BEFORE using the Gizmo.) Suppose you added a spoonful of sugar to hot water and another to ice-cold water. Which type of water will cause the sugar to dissolve more quickly? Suppose you held a lighted match to a solid hunk of wood and another match to a pile of wood shavings. Which form of wood will catch fire more easily? Gizmo Warm-up A chemical reaction causes the chemical compositions of substances to change. Reactants are substances that enter into a reaction, and products are substances produced by the reaction. The Collision Theory Gizmo allows you to experiment with several factors that affect the rate at which reactants are transformed into products in a chemical reaction. You will need blue, green, and orange markers or colored pencils for the first part of this activity. Look at the key at the bottom of the SIMULATION pane. In the space

Activity two: just lemons, inc. production here's a one-batch sample of just lemons lemonade production. determine the percent yield and amount of leftover ingredients for lemonade production and place your answers in the data chart. hint: complete stoichiometry calculations for each ingredient to determine the theoretical yield. complete a limiting reactant-to-excess reactant calculation for both excess ingredients. water sugar lemon juice lemonade percent yield leftover ingredients 946.36 g 196.86 g 193.37 g 2050.25 g 89% just lemons lemonade recipe equation: 2 water + sugar + lemon juice = 4 lemonade mole conversion factors: 1 mole of water = 1 cup = 236.59 g 1 mole of sugar = 1 cup = 225 g 1 mole of lemon juice = 1 cup = 257.83 g 1 mole of lemonade = 1 cup = 719.42 g show your calculations below. analysis questions 1. based on taste observations only, which ingredients were in excess in the lemonade samples in activity one? in activity one the excess substances for each sample were the water and sugar. 2. based on the data in activity two, which excess ingredients are affecting the taste of the lemonade in the sample batch? 3. what can just lemons, inc. do during production to reduce the amount of excess ingredients and improve the taste of their lemonade? 4. try to reduce the amount of leftover ingredients by changing the amount of one, two, or all three starting ingredients. show your stoichiometric calculations below. 5. during factory inspection, just lemons, inc. discovered that a water valve to the lemonade mixing station was not functioning. once they repair it, more water will enter the mixing station. from what you know about the limiting and excess ingredients for current lemonade production, what advice would you give engineers about the upcoming increase in water?

Calculate the molarity of the solution. 6.02 x 1022 molecules of hci (molecular weight = 36.5 g/mole) in 2.0 liters of water m

In 1901, thomas edison invented the nickel-iron battery. the following reaction takes place in the battery. fe(s) + 2 nio(oh)(s) + 2 h2o(l) fe(oh)2(s) + 2 ni(oh)2(aq) how many mole of fe(oh)2, is produced when 5.35 mol fe and 7.65 mol nio(oh) react?