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3. Predict. If Joe wanted the reaction to "go faster," how could he change the procedure?
a) use a large sized piece of the solid Cu
b) lower the initial temperature below 25 °C for the liquid reactant, HNO3
c) use a 0.5 M HNO3 instead of 2.0 M HNO3
d) cut the large sized Cu solid into smaller sized pieces

d) cut the large sized Cu solid into smaller sized pieces

Explanation:

The aim of the question is to select the right condition for that would increases the rate of the reaction.

a) use a large sized piece of the solid Cu

This option is wrong. Reducing the surface area decreases the reaction rate.

b) lower the initial temperature below 25 °C for the liquid reactant, HNO3

Hugher temperatures leads to faster reactions hence this option is wrong.

c) use a 0.5 M HNO3 instead of 2.0 M HNO3

Higher concentration leads to increased rate of reaction. Hence this option is wrong.

d) cut the large sized Cu solid into smaller sized pieces

This leads to an increased surface area of the reactants, which leads to an increased rate of the reaction. This is the correct option.

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