What is the correct name of this isotope? *

oxygen - 16
oxygen - 8
oxygen - 24

The correct name of this isotope : Oxygen - 16

Given

Isotope : ₈¹⁶O

Required

The correct name

Solution

The elements in nature have several types of isotopes  

Isotopes are elements that have the same Atomic Number (Proton)  

Atomic mass is the average atomic mass of all its isotopes  

In the following element notation,

X = symbol of elemental atom

A = mass number

Z = atomic number

The isotope name is usually followed by its mass number, so the symbol above can be expressed as oxygen - 16

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.