Liquid octane will react with gaseous oxygen to produce gaseous carbon dioxide and gaseous water . Suppose 3.43 g of octane is mixed with 3.0 g of oxygen. Calculate the maximum mass of carbon dioxide that could be produced by the chemical reaction. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

The maximum mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced is 2.64 g

Explanation:

We'll begin by writing the balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

2C₈H₁₈ + 25O₂ —> 16CO₂ + 18H₂O

Next, we shall determine the masses of C₈H₁₈ and O₂ that reacted and the mass of CO₂ produced from the balanced equation. This can be obtained as follow:

Molar mass of C₈H₁₈ = (8×12) + (18×1)

= 96 + 18

= 114 g/mol

Mass of C₈H₁₈ from the balanced equation = 2 × 114 = 228 g

Molar mass of O₂ = 2 × 16 = 32 g/mol

Mass of O₂ from the balanced equation = 25 × 32 = 800 g

Molar mass of CO₂ = 12 + (2×16)

= 12 + 32

= 44 g/mol

Mass of CO₂ from the balanced equation = 16 × 44 = 704 g

SUMMARY:

From the balanced equation above,

228 g of C₈H₁₈ reacted with 800 g of O₂ to produce 704 g of CO₂.

Next, we shall determine the limiting reactant. This can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

228 g of C₈H₁₈ reacted with 800 g of O₂.

Therefore, 3.43 g of C₈H₁₈ will react with = (3.43 × 800)/228 = 12.04 of O₂

From the calculations made above, we can see that a higher mass (i.e 12.04 g) of O₂ than what was given (i.e 3 g) is needed to react completely with 3.43 g of C₈H₁₈. Therefore, O₂ is the limiting reactant and C₈H₁₈ is the excess reactant.

Finally, we shall determine the maximum mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced from the reaction.

To obtain the maximum mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced, the limiting reactant will be used because all of it is consumed in the reaction.

The limiting reactant is O₂ and the maximum mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced can be obtained as follow:

From the balanced equation above,

800 g of O₂ reacted to produce 704 g of CO₂.

Therefore, 3 g of O₂ will react to produce = (3 × 704)/800 = 2.64 g of CO₂.

Thus, the maximum mass of carbon dioxide, CO₂ produced is 2.64 g

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