1. First Experiment: Thomson directed the beam at an electrometer and tried to separate the evidence of charge from the path of the beam. What connection did Thomson find between

charge and the cathode rays? Was the charge positive or negative?

Emerged from the thirteen British colonies established along the East Coast. Disputes over taxation and political representation with Great Britain led to the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783), which established independence. In the late 18th century, the U.S. began vigorously expanding across North America, gradually acquiring new territories, oftentimes displacing