Classify each solvent as protic or aprotic. a. (CH3)2CHOH c. CH2Cl2 e. N(CH3)3 b. CH3NO2 d. NH3 f. HCONH2

The protic solvents are (CH3)2CHOH, NH3, and HCONH2

The aprotic solvent are CH3NO2, CH2Cl2, and N(CH3)3

Explanation:

A protic solvent is a solvent that has a hydrogen atom bound to an oxygen (O), a nitrogen (N), or fluoride (F). Generally, any solvent that contains a labile H⁺ is called a protic solvent.

a. (CH3)2CHOH

(CH3)2CHOH is a protic solvent because one of the hydrogens is bound to oxygen (O)

b. CH3NO2

CH3NO2 is an aprotic (i.e not a protic solvent) solvent because all the hydrogens are bound to carbon.

c. CH2Cl2

CH2Cl2 is an aprotic solvent because all the hydrogens are bound to carbon.

d. NH3 is a protic solvent because all the hydrogens are bound to Nitrogen (N)

e. N(CH3)3 is an aprotic solvent because all the hydrogens are bound to carbon

f. HCONH2 is a protic solvent because two of the hydrogens are bound to Nitrogen (N)

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

periodic trends is an atom that gets larger as the number of electronic shells increase, the radius of atoms increases as you go down a certain group in the periodic table of elements. in general, the size of an atom will decrease as you move from left to right of a certain period.