Look at this image. C is written in the middle and O is written on the left and right of C with four dots around each O. Two straight lines are drawn between C and each O.

What do the lines in this image represent?

Non-bonded valence electrons of oxygen
Valence electrons donated in carbon dioxide
Ionic bonds between carbon and oxygen
Double covalent bonds in carbon dioxide

The characteristic of two different types of reactions are shown below. reaction a: electrons are gained by the atoms of an element. reaction b: protons are lost by the atom of and element. which statement is true about the atoms of the elements that participate in the two reactions? a: their identity changes in both reaction a and b. b: their identity changes in reaction a but not b. c: their identity changes in reaction b but not a. d: their identity remains the same.