What are the spectator ions in the equation below? Select all that apply. Pb(NO3)2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → PbSO4(s) + 2 HNO3(aq)

H+ and NO3- ions

Explanation:

The Pb²+ ions react with the SO4²‐ ions to form a solid precipitate, i.e. they bond together and undergo a phase change;

On the contrary, the H+ and NO3- ions are aqueous ions before the reaction and the same after the reaction, i.e. they don't change;

Hence, the H+ and NO3- ions are spectator ions

The way to do this type of question is to consider what changes and what doesn't, look at phase changes and oxidation state changes