What does the lack of S waves from earthquakes tell scientists about what is inside earth ?

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The problem here is that according to aufbau principle before 3d orbital 4s subshell comes.after filling 3p orbital with electrons you have 4 electrons left, you place two in 4s with opposite spin and the other two in 3d in any of its two orbitals of total five orbitals with the same spin.

Sorry i dont understand the question can you rephase it?

Use a magnet to separate iron, evaporate water, i'm not sure how to separate the other two i'm sorry but good luck