Chemistry, 01.12.2020 03:10 allendraven89pds755

8. Which of the following elements reacts like calcium (Ca) but with less atomic mass?
Potassium (K)
Magnesium (Mg)
Strontium (Sr)
Scandium (Sc)

Answers: 3

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Answer from: krystinayagel013

Magnesium (Mg)

Explanation:

An element with a lower atomic mass than Calcium that has similar chemical property is the element Magnesium (Mg).

This because, elements in the same group or family on the periodic table has similar chemical properties.

Magnesium belongs to the same group as Calcium, other elements are:

Be Mg Ca Sr Ba Ra

The group is made of the alkaline earth metals. They have two valence electrons in their outer shell.

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

Answer from: Quest

fe 55.85 g/mol and h2o 18.02 g/mol.

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8. Which of the following elements reacts like calcium (Ca) but with less atomic mass?
Potass...