Determine the possible traits of the calves if: A red bull (RR) is mated to a red (RR) cow 1

A red (RR) bullis mated with white (WW) cow 1

A roan (RW) is mated with red(RR)cow 3

1. All red calves i.e. RR

2. All roan calves i.e RW

3. 2 red calves (RR) and two roan calves (RW)

Explanation:

According to this question, a gene coding for fur colour in cattle is involved. Red alleles (R) and white alleles (W) are co-dominant to produce a roan cattle (RW). The possible traits of the following crosses are (see attached punnet square):

1) A red bull (RR) is mated to a red (RR) cow: All red calves i.e. RR

2) A red (RR) bullis mated with white (WW) cow: All roan calves i.e RW

3) A roan bull (RW) is mated with red (RR) cow: 2 red calves (RR) and two roan calves (RW).

c- cold periods in earth's history during which glaciers covered much of the surface.

explanation:

alkaline metals are lithium, sodium, rubidium, potassium, cesium and francium.

alkali metals have electronegativity from 0.7 to 1, lowest in periodic table of elements, which means that alkali metals (i group in periodic table) has positive oxidation number in compounds.

electronegativity is a chemical property that describes the tendency of an atom to attract a shared pair of electrons towards itself.

alkaline metals (far left in main group) have lowest ionizations energy and easy remove valence electrons,

for example, potassium is the alkali metal and has a single valence electron in the outer electron shell.

electron configuration of potassium is: ₁₉k 1s²2s²2p⁶3s²3p⁶4s¹.

they can not exist alone in nature, because they are very reactive.