Alina wants to make some yummy sugar cookies today! The recipe written in her book is:
2 3/4 cup flour + 1 cup butter + 1 1/2 cup sugar+ 1 egg+1 tsp baking soda+ 1/2 tsp baking powder = 24 sugar cookies
But, Alina has the following ingredients in her kitchen: 9 cups flour, 5 cups butter, 4.5 cups sugar, 8 eggs and an excess of baking soda and powder. She is very confused and is not sure as to how many cookies can she possibly make with this list.
1. How many cookies can she make?
2. Which ingredient is her Limiting reactant?
3. Besides, baking soda and powder, how much of each reactant will be left over in Alina's kitchen?

answer: - 3.) the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

solution: - as per the rules, oxidation number of oxygen in its compounds is -2. the sum of oxidation numbers of all the elements of a molecule or compound is zero.

also, the oxidation number in elemental form is zero.

in no, the oxidation number of o is -2 so the oxidation number of n is +2 so that the sum is zero.

similarly, the oxidation number of c in co is +2 and o is -2.

on product side the oxidation number of n is 0 as it is in the elemental form() .

oxidation number of c in carbon dioxide is +4 as there are two oxygen in it and we know that each oxygen is -2.

so, oxidation number of n is changing from +2 to 0 and the oxidation number of c is changing from +2 to +4.

since nitrogen is reduced and hence no is acting as an oxidizing agent. carbon is oxidized and so co is acting as a reducing agent.

so, the right choice is number 3.)the oxidation state of nitrogen in no changes from +2 to 0, and the oxidation state of carbon in co changes from +2 to +4 as the reaction proceeds.

answers: to make sure that all of the broken pieces of tablet were added to the water, to allow for fair comparison of all three trials, with different particle sizes to avoid experimental error