4 Identify What are the starting materials and products of photosynthesis and cellular
respiration?

Detail is given below.

Explanation:

Photosynthesis:

Reactants =   Carbon dioxide + water + energy

Products =    glucose + oxygen

Chemical equation:

6H₂O + 6CO₂ + energy  →   C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂

It is the process in which in the presence of sun light and chlorophyll by using carbon dioxide and water plants produce the oxygen and glucose.

water is supplied through the roots, carbon dioxide collected through stomata and sun light is capture  by chloroplast.

Cellular respiration:

Reactants =  Glucose + oxygen

Products =  carbon dioxide + water + 38ATP

Chemical equation:

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + 38ATP

It is the breakdown of glucose molecule in the presence of oxygen to yield large amount of energy. Water and carbon dioxide are also produced as a byproduct.

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms