What is the underlying, fundamental force for the formation of all chemical bonds? A detailed explanation would be best, please.

Which produce would best increase the amount of heat energy that is actually gained by calorimeter b

Which supports the idea that birds and butterflies both have wings but they do not have a common ancestor with wings? a. the wings are analogous structures that evolved differently and do not have a similar internal structure. b. the wings are homologous structures that evolved differently and do not have a similar internal structure. c. wings of birds are vestigial structures, but the wing structures of bats are not vestigial. d. wings of bats are vestigial structures, but the wing structures of birds are not vestigial

Large helium-filled balloons are used to lift scientific equipment to high altitudes. what is the pressure inside such a balloon if it starts out at sea level with a temperature of 10.0ºc and rises to an altitude where its volume is twenty times the original volume and its temperature is – 50.0ºc ?