In the direct reaction of silicon with Cl2 the yield of SiCl4 is 50. %. How many grams of silicon must be reacted with excess chlorine in order to obtain 17 g SiCl4

5.6 g

Explanation:

The computation of the number of grams of silicon is shown below:

But before that we dop the following calculations

Given that

actual yield = 17 g

Now

Percentage of yield = actual yield × 100 ÷ theoretical yield

50 = 17 g × 100 ÷ theoretical yield

So,

theoretical yield = 34 g

Now

The Molar mass of SiCl_4,

MM = 1 × MM(Si) + 4 × MM(Cl)

= 1 × 28.09 + 4 × 35.45

= 169.89 g/mol

And,  

mass of SiCl_4 = 34 g

Also,

mol of SiCl_4 = (mass) ÷ (molar mass)

= 34 ÷ 1.699*10^2

= 0.2001 mol

The Balanced chemical equation is:

S_i + 2 Cl_2 —> SiCl_4

As per the balanced equation

mol of Si formed = moles of SiCl_4

= 0.2001 mol

Molar mass of Si = 28.09 g/mol

mass of Si = number of mol × molar mass

= 0.2001 × 28.09

= 5.6 g

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.