What causes a molecule to have a bent shape instead of linear? A. Repulsion between protons forcing the bonding atoms out of line
B. Attractions between the bonding atoms pulling the bonds toward each other
C. Lone electron pairs pushing the bonding electrons out of line
D. Intermolecular forces pushing the atoms out of line and toward each other

Astudent is given a sample of a blue copper sulfate hydrate. he weighs the sample in a dry covered porcelain crucible and got a mass of 23.875 g for the crucible, lid, and sample. the mass of the empty crucible and lid was found earlier to be 22.652 g. he then heats the crucible to expel the water of hydration, keeping the crucible at red heat for 10 minutes with the lid slightly ajar. on colling, he finds the mass of crucible, lid, and contents to be 23.403 g. the sample was changed in the process to very light clue anhydrous cuso4. if there are again 100.0 g of hydrate, how many grams of cuso4 are in it? how many moles of cuso4? (hint: molar mass of cuso4 = 159.6 g / mole. what per cent of the hydrate is cuso4? you may convert the mass of cuso4 to moles.)

A3.37-mg sample of protein was chemically digested to convert its nitrogen into ammonia and then diluted to 100.0 ml. then 10.0 ml of this solution was placed in a 50-ml volumetric flask and treated with 5 ml of phenol solution plus 2 ml of sodium hypochlorite solution. the sample was diluted to 50.0 ml, and the absorbance at 625 nm was measured in a 1.00-cm cuvette and found to be 0.486. for reference, a standard solution was prepared from 10.0 mg of nh4cl (molar mass = 53.49 grams/mole) dissolved in 1.00 l of water. then 10.0 ml of this standard was placed in a 50-ml volumetric flask, treated in the same manner as the unknown, and the absorbance found to be 0.323. finally, a reagent blank was prepared using distilled water in place of unknown, it was treated in the same manner as the unknown, and the absorbance found to be 0.076. calculate the weight percent of nitrogen in the protein.

Which characteristics affect ocean water’s temperature? check all that apply. depth location mass salinity waves