Summarize the steps needed to perform paper chromatography

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Explanation:

Step 1:  A horizontal line is drawn near one end (about 1.5 cm from the bottom edge) of the paper.

Step 2: The sample needs to be separated is placed as a small drop or line on to the paper using capillary tube. Labelling the drop by a pencil with an alphabet or number help to identify the compound later. The drops are then soaked on the paper and dried.

Step 3: The paper is then placed into a sealed container with a swallow layer of suitable solvent. The solvent level must be lower than the pencil line or drop on it. The container need to be covered to stop the solvent to evaporate.

Step 4: The solvent rises up the paper chromatography taking each component of the sample with it. The components travel with the solvent depends on three things:

-The polarity of the sample molecule. The non polar components travel faster than the polar component.

-The attraction between the sample molecule and the solvent or solvent mixture.

-The attraction between the sample and the silica.

Suppose any sample compound mixture contains three colored molecules  green, blue and red.

According to their polarity, the order of these compounds is green<blue<red.

-Thus the most non polar green will travel first along with the mobile phase.

-Then blue and at last most polar compound the red one.

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