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1. Diagram C.

2. Diagram A.

Explanation:

1. Calcium atom, Ca has 20 protons and 20 electrons. On the other hand, Calcium ion, Ca^2+ has 20 protons and 18 electrons. This is true because the +2 charge on the calcium ion, Ca^2+ indicates that the calcium atom, Ca has loss 2 electrons.

From the above illustration we can say that calcium ion, Ca^2+ has the following:

Proton = 20

Electron = 18

Therefore, diagram C indicates calcium ion, Ca^2+.

2. Fluorine atom, F has 9 protons and 9 electrons. Fluoride ion, F¯ has 9 protons and 10 electrons. This is so because the –1 charge on the fluoride ion, F¯ indicates that the fluorine atom, F has gained 1 electron.

Thus, we can say that the fluoride ion, F¯ has the following:

Proton = 9

Electron = 10

Therefore, diagram A represent fluoride ion, F¯.

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explanation:

the number of valence electrons for each molecule or ion is shown beneath the structure. remember hydrogen will not have more than two electrons. this hydrogen is part of a covalent bond (sharing two electrons). a double bond here would cause hydrogen to share four electrons with phosphorus.