Although 2,2 - dimethylhexane has a molecular weight of 114, no peak is observed at m/z = 114. The base peak in the mass spectrum occurs at M – 57. (a) Draw the fragmentation responsible for formation of the M – 57 ion. (b) Explain why this cation is the most abundant ion to pass through the spectrometer. (c) Explain why no molecular ions survive long enough to be detected. (d) Can you offer an explanation as to why the M – 15 peak is not the base peak

The atomic radius of sodium is 186 pm and of chlorine is 100 pm. the ionic radius for na+ is 102 pm and for cl– is 181 pm. in going from na to cl in period 3, why does the atomic radius decrease while the ionic radius increases? a. the inner electrons in the sodium cation shield its valence electrons more effectively than the inner electrons in the chloride anion do. b. the inner electrons shield the valence electrons more effectively in the chlorine atom than in the chloride anion. c. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a smaller effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. d. the outermost electrons in chloride experience a larger effective nuclear charge than those in the sodium cation do. e. monatomic ions are bigger than the atoms from which they are formed.

Which of these conditions most likely produces an unstable isotope?

What happens to the average kinetic energy of a gas when the particles of the gas collide against each other at a constant temperature and volume? explain your answer.