Use 1-Butanol as the only organic compound, design a method to synthesize 5-Nonanone. You may use any other inorganic reagents. Any organic reagents have to be made from 1-butanol.

See attached picture.

Explanation:

Hello,

In this case, starting by 1-butanol, we can make it react with hydrogen bromide (1st step) in order to yield 1-bromobutane. Next, the formed alkyl halide is treated magnesium in the presence of an ether in order to yield butyl magnesium bromide which is a Grignard reagent (2nd step). Finally, by adding carbon dioxide, water and extra hydrogen chloride, a carbonyl group can be formed between two butyl radicals in order to form the 5-nonanone (3rd step) as shown on the attached picture.

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given:

mass of na = 115 g

excess cl2

to determine:

mass of nacl produced

explanation:

given reaction is-

2na(s) + cl2(g) → 2nacl(s)

since cl2 is in excess, na will be the limiting reagent

as per the reaction stoichiometry na: nacl = 1: 1

i.e. moles of na reacted = moles of nacl formed

now, # moles of na = mass of na/atomic mass

                                  = 115 g/23 g.mol-1 = 5 moles

therefore, moles of nacl = 5

molar mass of nacl = 58 g/mol

mass of nacl = 5 moles * 58 g.mol-1 = 290 g

ans: amount of nacl produced = 290 g

nacl or sodium chloride is an ionic compound. this is because an ionic compound pertains to a compound that consists of positively and negatively charged ions. in this case, na (sodium) has a tendency to lose one electron when it reacts with with other atoms, so the resulting sodium ion contains 11 protons and 10 electrons, thus making it positively charged (na+), when chlorine reacts, it usually gains one electron to form an ion called chloride, thus making it negatively charged ( since the ions are oppositely charged, they attract.