3. The phosphorylation of glycerol is a necessary step in forming the phospholipids that comprise cell membranes. A glycerol + HPO4 2-  glycerol-3-phosphate + H2O ∆G° = +9.2 kJ a. Is this reaction spontaneous or non-spontaneous? How do you know? The reaction converting glycerol to glycerol-3-phosphate can be coupled with the conversion of ATP to ADP: B ATP + H2O -> ADP + HPO4 2- + H+ ∆G° = -30.5 kJ b. Under standard conditions, is this reaction spontaneous or non-spontaneous? c. Write one single equation to show the net result of coupling reactions A and B by adding the two reactions together. d. Hence what is the delta G of the coupled reaction under standard conditions? Is it spontaneous?

atomic number of carbon is 6

electronic configuration of carbon is 1s²2s²2p²

orbital diagram of carbon is as shown here in the image.

most historians agree that gabriel mouton, the vicar of st. paul’s church in lyons, france, is the “founding father” of the metric system. he proposed a decimal system of measurement in 1670. mouton based it on the length of one minute of arc of a great circle of the earth (now called a nautical mile, 1852 meters). he also proposed the swing-length of a pendulum with a frequency of one beat per second as the unit of length (about 25 cm). a pendulum beating with this length would have been fairly easy to produce, thus facilitating the widespread distribution of uniform standards. over the years, his work was revised, improved, and extended by a number of french scientists.

the political sponsor of weights and measures reform in the french revolutionary national assembly was the bishop of autun, better known as talleyrand. under his auspices, the french academy appointed several committees to carry out the work of developing a usable system of weights and measures for france. one of the committees recommended a decimalized measurement system based upon a length equal to one ten-millionth of the length of a quadrant of the earth’s meridian (i.e., one ten-millionth of the distance between the equator and the north pole).

answer carbon and three oxygen atoms;