Two samples of the same rainwater are tested using two indicators at an environrnental lab. The first indicator, Methyl Orange, reveals a distinct yellow color when added to the sample. The second indicator, Litmus, turns red when placed in contact with the water sample. Required:
a. Identify a possible pH value for the rainwater.
b. Explain, in terms of hydronium ions and hydroxide ion concentrations, the pH value of the rainwater.

A. The pH value of rainwater is acidic about 4.4

B. The molar concentrations of the Hydronium ions are more than that of the hydroxide ions. That is why the rainwater is acidic with a pH of less than 7

Explanation:

A. Methyl orange is an acid indicator that is used to detect acidic solutions which have pH values that fall within the range of about 4.4 to 7.  The distinct yellow colour change that was shown by the methyl orange as it was added to the water shows that the pH value is acidic, with a value above 4.4. (it has to be like this before methyl orange changes to  yellow colour)

B. The Hydronium ( H30+) ion concentrations and the hydroxide (OH-) ion concentrations are used to measure the pH values of substances.

We can tell that the Hydronium ( H30+) ion concentrations are more than the hydroxide (OH-) ion concentrations in the sample of rainwater tested. This can be detected from the colour change that both the methyl orange and the litmus paper gave. The indicators showed that the rainwater solution was indeed acidic. Hence, the pH value will be less than 7, but greater than 4.4.

in the analysis of systems that involve fluid flow, we frequently encounter the combination of properties u and pv.