Diamond and graphite contain only carbon atoms, yet they are very different objects with very different properties. Why are diamond and graphite different?

Diamond and graphite are different because of the following

1) they differ from atomic structure

2) the atoms are closely packed together with each atoms connected to other carbon atoms as compared to graphite where the bonds between the layer are weak

3) diamond are extremely hard because due to rigid  tetrahedral arrangement of carbon atoms while graphite are soft because the layers of hexagonally arranged

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the density(ratio between mass and volume as m/v) decreases from top to bottom in periodic table group as the size increases and nuclear charge decreases. but in periods density increases from left to right as atom size decreases and nuclear charge increases.

the best answer is d because the strong cohesion is caused by the ability of water molecules to undergo hydrogen bonding.

a is incorrect because when water solidifies, it becomes   ice, which expands and occupies a bigger volume for the same mass of water in its liquid state.

b is incorrect because water has high surface tension. besides bonding to itself it hydrogen bonds to other molecules at the top decreasing possibility for breaking of attractive forces.

c is incorrect because the water molecule has oxygen which is highly electronegative and so pulls the electron pair towards itself creating a dipole moment, making the molecule polar.

e is incorrect because water has strong adhesion, ability to stick to other molecules such as glass because of this molecules having stronger hydrogen bonding than water.