How might an antioxidant prevent another element from gaining or losing an electron?

An antioxidant helps in the mopping up and elimination of free radicals and a common example is Glutathione. Oxidation reactions Involves the transfer of electrons or addition of oxygen to a substance.

Antioxidants help in decreasing or prevention of the oxidation of the molecules due to free radicals being formed which causes damage in the cells of animals.

c- cold periods in earth's history during which glaciers covered much of the surface.

explanation:

when [oh-] is 10-5  m, and [h3o+] is 10-9  m, the poh is 5 and ph is 9. again in both cases the sum of ph and poh is 14. however, the hydrogen ion concentration is not always going to be equal to exactly 1 x 10 raised to a negative number. for example, we skipped over the value of 2.0 x 10-7.