As the scuba diver ascends to the surface, external pressure . If the air in the lungs, which is at a pressure, were not exhaled, its volume would and severely damage the lungs. The pressure of the gas in the lungs must adjust to changes in the external pressure.

)benzene and toluene form nearly ideal solutions. consider an equimolar solution of benzene and toluene. at 20 °c the vapour pressures of pure benzene and toluene are 9.9 kpa and 2.9 kpa, respectively. the solution is boiled by reducing the external pressure below the vapour pressure. calculate (i) the pressure when boiling begins, (ii) the composition of each component in the vapour, and (iii) the vapour pressure when only a few drops of liquid remain. assume that the rate of vaporization is low enough for the temperature to remain constant at 20 °c.