Find the pH during the titration of 20.00 mL of 0.1000 M butanoic acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH (Ka = 1.54 x 10^-5), with 0.1000 M NaOH solution after the following additions of titrant.

(a) 10.00 mL: pH =
(b) 20.10 mL: pH =
(c) 25.00 mL: pH =

pH after the addition of 10 ml NaOH = 4.81

pH after the addition of 20.1 ml NaOH = 8.76

pH after the addition of 25 ml NaOH = 8.78

Explanation:

(1)

Moles of butanoic acid initially present = 0.1 x 20 = 2 m moles  = 2 x 10⁻³ moles,

Moles of NaOH added = 10 x 0.1 = 1 x 10⁻³ moles

                          CH₃CH₂CH₂COOH + NaOH ⇄ CH₃CH₂CH₂COONa + H₂O

Initial conc.            2 x 10⁻³                 1 x 10⁻³           0            

Equilibrium             1 x 10⁻³                   0                  1 x 10⁻³

Final volume = 20 + 10 = 30 ml = 0.03 lit

So final concentration of Acid =

Final concentration of conjugate base [CH₃CH₂CH₂COONa]

Since a buffer solution is formed which contains the weak butanoic acid and conjugate base of that acid .

Using Henderson Hasselbalch equation to find the pH