Chemistry, 21.03.2020 07:07 Fm610899

Estimate the ligand fi eld splitting for (a) [CrCl6]3 (max 740 nm), (b) [Cr(NH3)6]3 (max 460 nm), and (c) [Cr(OH2)6]3 (max 575 nm), where max is the wavelength of the most intensely absorbed light. (d) Arrange the ligands in order of increasing ligand fi eld strength.

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Answer from: yournerdybirdyp43oi3

NH3>H2O>Cl-

Explanation:

The given wavelengths of maximum absorption for each complex can be used to estimate the magnitude of field splitting of the respective ligands as shown in the image attached. The field splitting is reported in the unit kilojoule per mole (KJmol-1).

It can be seen from the calculation in the image attached that ammonia shows the highest crystal field splitting followed by water and lastly the chloride anion. This corresponds to the respective positions of these species in the spectrochemical series. Water and the chloride ion are weak field ligands.

Estimate the ligand fi eld splitting for (a) [CrCl6]3 (max 740 nm), (b) [Cr(NH3)6]3 (max 460 nm), an

Answer from: Quest

assuming that your periodic table has eighteen columns, you should highlight the four elements in the third column from the left of the table.

explanation

neutral atoms of elements after calcium contain d electrons. the energy of d orbitals of a particular main shell lies between the energy of the s and p orbitals of the next main shell. for example, electrons in the $3d$ have energy higher than those in the $4 s$ orbital while lower than those of the $4 p$ orbital.

by the aufbau principle, electrons fill orbitals one at a time, starting from those of the lowest energy. the $4s$ orbital is therefore filled right after $3p$ orbitals and before $3 d$ orbitals.

potassium has electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{1}$ and calcium $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2}$ . the s orbital of a main shell holds a maximum of two electrons. the next element would thus have the electron configuration $[\text{ar}] 4 s^{2} \; 3d^{1}$ and satisfy the requirements.

a neutral atom of the element contains three electrons on top of the most recent noble gas element. it should thus be placed in the third column of the periodic table. both scandium and yttrium would satisfy the conditions. an aufbau diagram indicates that the 4f orbital is filled before the 5d. however, it appears that exceptions exists for both lanthanum and actinium. neutral atoms of the two d-block elements also demonstrate the $ns^{2} \; (n-1) p^{1}$ and should be highlighted as well.

Answer from: Quest

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Estimate the ligand fi eld splitting for (a) [CrCl6]3 (max 740 nm), (b) [Cr(NH3)6]3 (max 460 nm), an...