Zinc reacts with hydrochloric acid to produce zinc chloride and hydrogen. How many moles of HCI are required to produce 7.50 moles of ZnCI2?

according to the u.s. department of agriculture, the label of "certified organic" comes with a set of highly regulated standards for environmental stewardship and resource conservation. some of these include maintenance and improvement of soil quality, prevention of ground and surface water contamination, greenhouse gas regulation, encouragement of biodiversity and conservation of water and energy (see references 1). organic practices integrate natural methods such as mulching, plant diversity, native and adapted plants, crop rotation and the introduction of beneficial insects to control pests without synthetic pesticides.

environmental implications of pesticides

synthetic pesticides ensure high crop yields. while effective in achieving this goal, pesticides contaminate soil, air, ground and surface water, as well as the plants and animals that come into contact with these contaminated sources. freshwater and marine organisms are particularly susceptible to pesticides through agricultural runoff. pesticides also reduce soil fertility (necessitating the use of synthetic fertilizers) and can travel far from the original source, contaminating water and air hundreds of miles from the location of application (see references 2).

health implications of organics

although a subject of particular debate, many recent findings show that organic food is healthier than conventionally grown food. according to the usda, an extensive european union-funded study found that organically grown foods contain more beneficial compounds, such as the vitamins and antioxidants needed to combat many diseases (see references 5). organic milk, meat and eggs are regulated to ensure they are free of hormones administered to conventional livestock and poultry.

health implications of pesticides

pesticides affect human health in three ways: through skin contact, inhalation and ingestion. acute and long-term exposure to pesticides can cause serious health problems for farmers who apply them. the majority of other people are affected by drinking contaminated water and eating contaminated marine life (see references 3). pesticides have been linked to neurological disorders, endocrine and reproductive disorders, immune system deficiencies and cancer. according to the world health organization, acute pesticide poisoning (app) is responsible for significant annual mortality, especially in developing nations (see references 4).

other important considerations

not every small farm or business owner can afford the costly certification process required to be considered "certified organic," even if the farm is not using chemicals. "transitional" farms include those that once used chemicals and are now transitioning to organic-only production. in addition, though organic farming methods offer obvious environmental benefit, an organic apple shipped from around the world creates a different set of environmental problems. locally grown food (particularly locally grown, organic food) is key in sustainable food production.

answerspecific gravity;

answer : the correct answer is 2) hno₃ and naoh .

arrhenius concept of acid and base :

acid :

according to arrhenius acid are those which release h⁺ or hydronium ion (h₃o⁺) in aqueous solution .

example : hcl +h₂o ↔ h₃o⁺ + cl⁻

hcl is giving h₃o⁺ ion in water , hence it is an arrhenius acid .

base :

according to arrhenius , bases are those which releases oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution .

example : koh (aq) ↔ k⁺ + oh⁻

since koh is producing oh⁻ ions hence , it is an arrhenius base .

checking the options :

1) ch₃oh and naoh :

ch₃oh is known as methanol , an organic compound , which is neutral compound . the dissociation of ch₃oh is negligible . it is very very weak acid (ka = 3.2 * 10 ⁻¹² ) .

naoh being ionic gives na⁺ and oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution as :

naoh ↔ na⁺ + oh⁻ . hence it is an arrhenius base

it can be concluded that ch₃oh and naoh is not arrhenius acid and base.

2) hno₃ and naoh :

hno₃ is an ionic compound which gives ions h⁺ and no₃⁻ ion in aqueous solution as:

hno₃ + h₂o ↔ h₃o⁺ + no₃⁻

since it is giving h⁺ ion . hno₃ is arrhenius acid .

naoh being ionic gives na⁺ and oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution as :

naoh ↔ na⁺ + oh⁻

. hence it is an arrhenius base .

it can be said that hno₃ and naoh are arrhenius acid and base.

3) ch₃oh and hcl

as discussed ch₃oh is neutral compound .

while hcl in aqueous solution dissociates to give h⁺ and cl⁻ ions as :

hcl + h₂o→ h₃o⁺ + cl⁻ . so hcl is arrhenius acid .

hence , ch₃oh and hcl are not arrhenius acid and base.

4) hno₃ and hcl :

hno₃ as discussed gives h⁺ in aqueous solution , while hcl also gives h⁺ in aqueous solution .

hence both hno₃ and hcl are arrhenius acid they are not acid and base .

so the arrhenius acid and base are 2) hno₃ and naoh.