A fuel oil is fed to a furnace and burned with 35.0% excess air. The oil contains 86.0 wt% C, 10.0% H, and 4.00% S. Analysis of the furnace exhaust gas shows only N2, O2, CO2, SO2, and H2O. The sulfur dioxide emission rate is to be controlled by passing the exhaust gas through a scrubber in which most of the SO2 is absorbed in an alkaline solution. The gases leaving the scrubber (all of the N2, O2, and CO2, and some of the H2O and SO2 entering the unit) pass out to a stack. The scrubber has a limited capacity, however, so that a fraction of the furnace exhaust gas must be bypassed directly to the stack.

At one point during the operation of the process, the scrubber removes 90% of the SO2 in the gas fed to it, and the combined stack gas contains 612.5 ppm (parts per million) SO2 on a dry basis; that is, every million moles of dry stack gas contains 612.5 moles of SO2. Calculate the fraction of the exhaust bypassing the scrubber at this moment.

explanation:

metals have excess of electrons whereas non-metals have deficiency of electrons. thus, in order to gain stability metals easily donate their electrons to the non-metals.

for example, electronic configuration of sodium is and electronic configuration of phosphorous is .

when a phosphorous atom and sodium atom combine together then sodium will donate is extra one electron to the phosphorous atom. as a result there will be formation of ionic bond between sodium and phosphorous.

the reaction will be as follows.

there, are three sodium sodium atoms and each of them will donate its one extra electron to phosphorous atom. thus, the sub-shell of phosphorous gets completely filled.  

thus, we can conclude that electrons are transferred from atoms of sodium to atoms of phosphorous. this transfer makes the sodium atoms donate one electron and the phosphorous atoms to gain one electron. as a result, the sodium and phosphorus atoms strongly attract each other.

distance, luminosity, brightness, radius, chemical composition, and temperature

i have no clue hope you find the answer