The French chemists, Pierre L. Dulong and Alexis T. Petit, noted in 1819 that the molar heat capacity of many solids at ordinary temperatures is proportional to the number of atoms per formula unit of the solid. They quantified their observations in what is known as Dulong and Petit's rule, which says that the molar heat capacity, C P , of a solid can be expressed as C P = N ⋅ 3 R where N is the number of atoms per formula unit and R is the universal gas constant. The observed heat capacity per gram of a compound containing rubidium and oxygen is 0.64 J ⋅ K − 1 ⋅ g − 1 . Use Dulong and Petit's rule to determine the empirical formula of the compound.

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explanation:

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answer : one can design an experiment using a liquid and an additive that can be added to the liquid and observe the chemical changes in the reaction species.

one would need a beaker which is filled with a known amount of the liquid in which thermometer is placed to measure the temperature changes; after addition of the additive to the liquid solution one can note down the temperature change and find whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic in nature. by subtracting the initial temperature value with the final temperature one can find the temperature changes.

various combinations of liquid and additive can be used. liquid in this case can be a known quantity of water and additives can be epsom salt or without epsom salt the experiment can be conducted to notice the changes. water and ice, hydrogen peroxide and dry yeast, vinegar and baking soda,etc.

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the objects have the same charge.