If methyl benzoate is the limiting reagent, and 1.3 g of methyl benzoate were used for this reaction, what is the theoretical yield of the mono nitration reaction? (hint: the product formula is C8H7O4N)

The theoretical yield is 1.73 grams

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

Mass of methyl benzoate =  1.3 grams

Molar mass methyl benzoate = 136.15 g/mol

methyl benzoate = C8H8O2

Step 2: The balanced equation

C8H8O2 + HNO3 → C8H7O4N + H2O

Step 3: Calculate moles methyl benzoate

Moles methyl benzoate = mass / molar mass

Moles methyl benzoate = 1.3 grams / 136.15 grams

Moles methyl benzoate = 0.00955 moles

Step 4: Calculate moles C8H7O4N

For 1 mol methyl benzoate we need 1 mol HNO3 to produce 1 mol C8H7O4N and 1 mol H2O

For 0.00955 moles methyl benzoate we'll have 0.00955 moles C8H7O4N

Step 5: Calculate mass C8H7O4N

Mass C8H7O4N = moles * molar mass

Mass C8H7O4N = 0.00955 moles * 181.1455 g/mol

Mass C8H7O4N = 1.73 grams

The theoretical yield is 1.73 grams

water and alcohols have similar properties because water molecules contain hydroxyl groups that can form hydrogen bonds with other water molecules and with alcohol molecules, and likewise alcohol molecules can form hydrogen bonds with other alcohol molecules as well as with water.