A 7.0 g sample of a hydrocarbon (a molecule that has only hydrogen and carbon) is subject to combustion analysis. The mass of CO2 collected is 22.0 g. What is the empirical formula of the compound?

The empirical formula for the given compound is

Explanation:

The chemical equation for the combustion of compound having carbon and hydrogen follows:

where, 'x' and 'y' are the subscripts of carbon and hydrogen respectively.

We are given:

Mass of

We know that:

Molar mass of carbon dioxide = 44 g/mol

For calculating the mass of carbon:

In 44 g of carbon dioxide, 12 g of carbon is contained.

So, in 22.0 g of carbon dioxide, of carbon will be contained.

For calculating the mass of hydrogen:

Mass of hydrogen = Mass of sample - Mass of carbon

Mass of hydrogen = 7.0 g - 6 g

Mass of hydrogen = 1.0 g

To formulate the empirical formula, we need to follow some steps:

Step 1: Converting the given masses into moles.

Moles of Carbon =

Moles of Hydrogen =

Step 2: Calculating the mole ratio of the given elements.

For the mole ratio, we divide each value of the moles by the smallest number of moles calculated which is 0.5 moles.

For Carbon =

For Hydrogen  =

Step 3: Taking the mole ratio as their subscripts.

The ratio of Fe : C : H = 1 : 2

Hence, the empirical formula for the given compound is

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