Barium sulfate, BaSO4, is a white crystalline solid that is insoluble in water. It is used by doctors to diagnose problems with the digestive system. Barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)2, is also a white crystalline solid and is used in waste water treatment. How many more oxygen atoms are represented in the formula for barium sulfate than in the formula for barium hydroxide?

The number of oxygen atom represented in the formula for barium sulfate than in the formula for barium hydroxide is 2 atoms

The molecular formula of barium sulfate = BaSO₄

The molecular formula of barium hydroxide = Ba(OH)₂

The number of oxygen atoms in BaSO₄ = 4 atoms

The number of oxygen atoms in Ba(OH)₂ = 2 atoms

Differences in atoms of oxygen = 4 – 2 = 2 atoms

From the above illustration, we can see that there are 2 more atoms of oxygen in barium sulfate, BaSO₄ than in barium hydroxide, Ba(OH)₂

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2

Explanation:

Ba(OH)2 contains two oxygen atoms

BaSO4 contains four oxygen atoms.

This means that barium sulphate contains two more oxygen atoms than barium hydroxide in its formula. This is clearly seen from the two formulae shown above.

a corroding iron, if that's one of your choices

answer : the correct answer is 2) hno₃ and naoh .

arrhenius concept of acid and base :

acid :

according to arrhenius acid are those which release h⁺ or hydronium ion (h₃o⁺) in aqueous solution .

example : hcl +h₂o ↔ h₃o⁺ + cl⁻

hcl is giving h₃o⁺ ion in water , hence it is an arrhenius acid .

base :

according to arrhenius , bases are those which releases oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution .

example : koh (aq) ↔ k⁺ + oh⁻

since koh is producing oh⁻ ions hence , it is an arrhenius base .

checking the options :

1) ch₃oh and naoh :

ch₃oh is known as methanol , an organic compound , which is neutral compound . the dissociation of ch₃oh is negligible . it is very very weak acid (ka = 3.2 * 10 ⁻¹² ) .

naoh being ionic gives na⁺ and oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution as :

naoh ↔ na⁺ + oh⁻ . hence it is an arrhenius base

it can be concluded that ch₃oh and naoh is not arrhenius acid and base.

2) hno₃ and naoh :

hno₃ is an ionic compound which gives ions h⁺ and no₃⁻ ion in aqueous solution as:

hno₃ + h₂o ↔ h₃o⁺ + no₃⁻

since it is giving h⁺ ion . hno₃ is arrhenius acid .

naoh being ionic gives na⁺ and oh⁻ ions in aqueous solution as :

naoh ↔ na⁺ + oh⁻

. hence it is an arrhenius base .

it can be said that hno₃ and naoh are arrhenius acid and base.

3) ch₃oh and hcl

as discussed ch₃oh is neutral compound .

while hcl in aqueous solution dissociates to give h⁺ and cl⁻ ions as :

hcl + h₂o→ h₃o⁺ + cl⁻ . so hcl is arrhenius acid .

hence , ch₃oh and hcl are not arrhenius acid and base.

4) hno₃ and hcl :

hno₃ as discussed gives h⁺ in aqueous solution , while hcl also gives h⁺ in aqueous solution .

hence both hno₃ and hcl are arrhenius acid they are not acid and base .

so the arrhenius acid and base are 2) hno₃ and naoh.