Identify which of the following statements are true. Check all that apply. Check all that apply. Ionization energies are always negative quantities. The third ionization energy is the energy needed to ionize three electrons from a neutral atom. Oxygen has a larger first ionization energy than fluorine. The second ionization energy of an atom is always greater than its first ionization energy.

Explanation:

Ionization energies are always negative quantities – (False)

Energy required to remove an outermost electron from gaseous atom is known as ionization energy. As energy is always required in ionization, therefore, ionization energy is always a positive quantity.

The third ionization energy is the energy needed to ionize three electrons from a neutral atom. (Ture)

1st ionization energy is the energy required to knock out outermost electron from neutral gaseous atom.

2nd ionization energy is the energy required to knock out second electron from neutral gaseous atom.

3rd ionization energy is the energy required to knock out third electron from neutral gaseous atom.

Oxygen has a larger first ionization energy than fluorine. (False)

Ionization energy increases when we move from left to right in a period. Fluorine comes after oxygen in 2nd period of the periodic table, so as per the trend, ionization energy of the fluorine is larger than oxygen.

The second ionization energy of an atom is always greater than its first ionization energy. (True)

Second ionization energy is always greater than first because of increased nuclear attraction after removing one electron.

substituting a hydrogen atom with a halogen in a hydrocarbon:

- the single bond remains single. a is wrong.

- the bond with hydrogen is as strong as with a halogen. c is wrong

- a hydrocarbon is saturated if there is no double bond. we do not know that so d is wrong.

- carbon will always have four valence electrons. e is wrong.

by elimination, the correct answer is b. the boiling point of the new compound increases.