True / false. circle the letter of
anytrue statement.
1. a sodium ion is smaller than a soduim atom.
2. metal tend to lose their valence electrons,
formingposetively charged ions.

1. A sodium ion is smaller than a soduim atom. TRUE (The Statement is True)

2. Metal tend to lose their valence electrons, forming positively charged ions. TRUE (The Statement is True)

Explanation:

Why A sodium ion is smaller than a soduim atom:

The electronic configuration for sodium atom is [Na] 1s2 , 2s2, 2p6, 3s1

Removing the 3s electron leaves us with 1s2, 2s2, 2p6, so a sodium ion is Na+.

[Na]+, has no electrons in the 3rd shell as the 3s orbital is empty due to the loss of the electron. Due to the missing orbital, the size of the ion is much smaller than the neutral atom. When sodium ionises, one electron get removed from the outermost orbital of sodium atom so the effective nuclear charge on the nucleus increases, so the size decreases.

Why Metal tend to lose their valence electrons, forming positively charged ions.

When atoms lose electrons they become cations. Metals are very electropositive and tend to lose some of their valence electrons which are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element’s atoms through a process called oxidation and takes on a positive electric charge.

14,16 18 reacts with group

a 20-cm-long, cylindrical graphite (pure carbon) rod is inserted into an oxidizing atmosphere at 1145 k and 1.013 x 105 pa pressure. the oxidizing process is limited by the diffu- sion of oxygen counterflow to the carbon monoxide that is formed on the cylindrical surface.