The specific heats of two natural substances are shown.
wet mud 2.5 j/g celsius sandy clay 1.4 j/g celsius.

a pile of wet mud and a pile of sandy clay of equal masses were placed next to each other on a sunny day.
if the temperature of each pile was equal in the afternoon, which substance is likely to show a higher temperature after a few hours and why?

options:
wet mud, because it released more heat while placed in the sun.
sandy clay, because it absorbed more heat while placed in the sun.
sandy clay, because it requires less energy to increase its temperature.
wet mud, because it requires more energy to increase its temperature.

Explain why scientists use shared characteristics to make cladograms.

Which of the dna typing techniques do you think you would choose if you had to analyze a dna sample? why?

Straightforward questions answered in the powerpoint slidesreaction: heating the starting materials under refluxwhat does it mean to heat under reflux? why do we choose water as the reflux solvent? what are boiling chips used for? why do we put a condenser on top of the reaction? why do we add heat and let the reaction stir for 30 minutes? why do we add sulfuric acid to the reaction after it cools as opposed to when it’s still hot? separation: filtration of precipitatewhy don’t we do an aqueous and organic extraction in the separatory funnel? why do you rinse the salicylic acid on the filter with ice cold water? purification: recrystallization of salicylic acid (no hot filtration needed)what is the difference in the amount of room temperature water vs. boiling water needed to dissolve the salicylic acid (assume a 1.2 gram yield of salicylic acid)? remember, in the lab if you need x ml of boiling water to dissolve a solid, then you should add a little more (definitely no more than 1.5 times the theoretical amount) to ensure it doesn’t recrystallize prematurely. analysis: melting point of salicylic acidwhat can you conclude if the melting point of the salicylic acid you just synthesized is 152-155oc and the 1: 1 mix of your product and “synthetic” salicylic acid is 151-154oc?