Though alchemy was not a part of seven liberal arts curriculum in per-modern europe education, alchemical experiments caused important developments in metallurgy, porcelain production, textile industry, etc. explain the major achievements in alchemy and chemical experiment

The goal of the alchemists, who practiced from 400-1400 AD, was to transmute common elements (like lead) into gold. The alchemists used symbols to identify elements, and made many important discoveries which led to the development of the modern science of chemistry.

Explanation:

Alchemists were contracted by the elite for practical purposes related to mining, medical services, and the production of chemicals, medicines, metals, and gemstones. Entrepreneurial opportunities were common for the alchemists of Renaissance Europe.

Alchemy was based on the belief that there are four basic elements in nature: air, fire, water and earth. Alchemy is an ancient practice shrouded in mystery and secrecy. Its practitioners mainly sought to turn lead into gold, a quest that has captured the imaginations of people for thousands of years

The difference between alchemy and modern chemistry is alchemy is based on a mystic, supernatural view of reality, whereas chemistry assumes reality is basically natural. That makes a huge difference, and chemistry would never have gotten very far if it had stuck with the old metaphysics.  

Despite these connotations of the mythic and mystical, alchemical practice played an important role in the evolution of modern science to discover the relationship of humans to the cosmos and use that understanding to improve the human spirit. Alchemy was scientific but it was also a spiritual tradition.

- calcium has greater affinity to bond with electron receptors than hydrogen does and hence, it has the ability to replace hydrogen in most of its compounds.

- lithium has 2 valence electrons in the product because it can make only 1 bond with hydrogen. beryllium has 4 valence electrons in the product because it can only make 2 bonds. it has fewer electrons than neon and can react with electron donors. each hydrogen has 2 valence electrons, the same as helium.

- the covalent bond formed between carbon and hydrogen is polar because carbon is more electronegative than hydrogen and it attracts the bonded electron pair closer to itself, thus giving hydrogen a partial positive charge.

- a hydrogen bond is a relatively weak bond that hydrogen atoms make with the electronegative atoms nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine.

so the best choice is a.) 2 calcium (ca) atoms